Indian Tribal and Folk Art Forms You Need to Know
India is a diverse country with a vibrant culture. In addition to the modern Indian city culture and urban life, there are also unique Indian handicrafts in this nation. It is also a fact that some Indians live and have originated in rural areas and have retained tribal and folk art forms as the most common art forms in their everyday life. India is the third largest country by area. However, it has the least population. Nevertheless, Indian people still have a remarkable culture and their religion is the oldest and most famous religion in the world. Here are some of the most popular art forms used in Indian handicrafts:
1. Warli
The Warli art form, whose name means "fishing-spear", is an ancient style of art from the Indian subcontinent. Warli art encompasses objects in the form of tools, weapons, musical instruments, musical notation, dance instruments, furniture, figurines, decorative objects, seals, currency, and pottery. Many of the objects were made from precious metals, semi-precious stones, and sometimes bones.
Warli art flourished from the early 14th to the late 15th century. The style was most prominent in the state of Orissa in present-day India, where a vast majority of examples have been found, and also in Rajasthan. They are now thought to have been made throughout the subcontinent and may have been produced throughout the entire period.
2. Minauri
The Madhubani art form is one of the few major folk arts in Bengal and also in India to preserve its traditional form of paintings, and to this day, many of the artists who are traditionally trained in the art form are based in India.
The Madhubani paintings have a folkloric character in their subject matter, although the subject matter of the paintings could be of a wide variety such as hunting, marriage, festivals, love, the depiction of various animals, etc. There is a long list of artists who are primarily trained in the Madhubani art form.
3. Painting on Wood
Woodblock printing is a type of woodworking art that originated in India. It is very old, and in some parts of India, it is still done traditionally.
A block of wood is carved and sanded to the desired design. A fine wood-grinding tool called a chisel is used to cut out the block. After this, the wood block is placed on an oiled board called a block, and then ink is poured into the block using a hand-operated pump. The block is then rolled on paper to apply the ink and make the block print. The block print is then mounted on a board and varnished with a coat of gloss varnish.
Dhokra art is based on the traditional style and techniques of the community, most of which have come down through the generations. Dhokra art involves the making of images, especially of Hindu deities, in wood. This is traditionally done by first shaping a wood block with gouges and then painting it. These images are then polished, sometimes with sandalwood powder, and carved by hand. Dhokra artists and carvers are mainly located in the remote hilly areas of Assam, Meghalaya, and Arunachal Pradesh in India.
Sculptures of Hindu gods and goddesses are generally made on the order of a worshiper who has asked for an image of a particular deity. These images are then taken to the artists and carvers.
5. Meenakari art
Meenakari is an indigenous, traditional form of painting and folk art of South India and a unique art form of India. The technique involves the use of natural pigments (most of the time, safflower (S. sativus L.)), which are ground with a finger or a specially-shaped stick or wooden spatula and then mixed with natural dyes made from the bark of trees. There is hardly any paintbrush in this art, as the technique is to mix colors with the fingers.
Meenakari was an ancient art form from ancient times? There are no documents of the origin of the craft. However, it has been handed down for generations and its traditions are closely linked with the people. Meenakari is also called Thangam art.
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